Scoping literature review of antimicrobial dispensing practices among patent medicine vendors in Sub-Saharan Africa

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health threat. Despite regulatory frameworks in many Sub-Saharan African countries prohibiting the sale of prescription medications by patent medicine vendors (PMVs), over the counter sales of antimicrobial agents remains widespread. This scoping review synthesises literature on PMV antimicrobial dispensing practices, examining the types, appropriateness, and gender related patterns, to inform strategies for addressing antimicrobial resistance in the region. Improper supply, driven by high consumer demand, inadequate training and financial incentives were found to pose serious risks, and implementing targeted training programmes should be prioritised for promoting appropriate dispensing practices.

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Agu, C.I., Agu, I.C., Obiobasi, C. et al. Scoping literature review of antimicrobial dispensing practices among patent medicine vendors in Sub-Saharan Africa. Discov Public Health 22, 719 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-01143-y